Race & medicine
Race and place in extreme physiology
Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC
Heggie argues that altitude, heat, and cold physiology kept colonial race–place assumptions alive, using blood both as fluid and as hereditary identity.
How this study connects
Role on claims
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Altitude, heat and cold physiology kept colonial race–place assumptions alive, using blood as fluid and as hereditary identity.
Evidence for the claim as stated.
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Race and place in extreme physiology
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The International Biological Programme ran from 1964 to 1974.
Perhaps the largest example is the International Biological Programme (1964–1974), a 10-year project inspired by the IGY that intended to provide a similar survey of the organic (rather than inorganic) features of the Earth
What is extreme physiology?
extreme physiology’ (a term referring to the study of the human body at what are believed to be the limits of survival or of acclimatisation) this article
Key findings
Acclimatisation remained a live research question because polar, desert, and aviation war demanded it. Circumpolar studies often denied racial cold adaptation and praised ‘going native’ (diet and technique). Altitude work mixed blood-as-physiology with blood-as-race. US military money still funded studies of non-white bodies in extremes into the 1960s.
Methodology
The article reads expedition and military physiology, Stefansson and Rodahl on circumpolar metabolism, Macfarlane’s desert work, blood-group ancestry tools, and the International Biological Programme, against histories that stop at nineteenth-century seasoning or Tropical Medicine.
Limitations
This is not a new physiology experiment. IBP dates and grant examples are cited from sources. It does not measure modern VO2 max by ancestry.
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