brain-development
Do mouse sex differences in brain volume match humans?
Open access · cc0 · source: Europe PMC
Human males have larger/more variable total brain volume (mice do not); after TTV control, sex-effect sizes across 60 homologous regions correlate modestly (r=0.30), higher in cortex, tracking congruence of 2835 homologous genes.
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Study at a glance
- Design
- Cross-sectional — Comparative structural MRI of sex differences in human and mouse brains plus regional gene-expression congruence
- N
- N=1522 · Humans 597F/496M; mice 213F/216M (TTV analysis)
- Population
- Healthy young adult humans and mice with homologous regional atlases
- Outcome
- Cross-species congruence of volumetric sex effects and linked gene-expression profiles
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Do mouse sex differences in brain volume match humans?
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Human sample 597F/496M; mouse 213F/216M for TTV.
Results Males have larger brains than females in humans but not in mice We first examined the effects of sex on total tissue volume (TTV) in humans (597 females/496 males) and mice (213 females/216 males) using structural MRI data from healthy young adults in both species.
Cross-species volumetric sex-effect congruence r=0.30 across 60 regions.
After controlling for total brain volume, we observe modest cross-species congruence in the volumetric effect size of sex across 60 homologous regions ( r =0.30).
Key findings
Humans: males ~13.5% larger TTV; mice: no significant TTV sex difference. After TTV correction, ~65.8% of human and ~58.6% of mouse regions showed sex differences. Cross-species volumetric sex-effect congruence r=0.30 overall (cortex r=0.33; non-cortex r=0.16), aligning with expression congruence of 2835 homologous genes especially in primary sensory cortex.
Methodology
Used structural MRI to compare sex differences in total and regional volumes between humans and mice, then related regional volumetric sex-effect congruence to cross-species gene-expression profiles.
Limitations
Congruence is correlational and atlas-dependent; it does not prove shared developmental mechanisms for every homologous region.
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