Photochemistry
Platinum photoredox catalysts for trifluoromethylation
Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC
Cyclometalated Pt(II) complexes trifluoromethylate unactivated alkenes in >82% yield under 450 nm LEDs by oxidatively quenching CF3I.
How this study connects
Role on claims
Each row is a claim on a concept or method page where this paper supports, challenges, or qualifies the statement. Roles are hand-checked — not a model guess.
This library holds 10 empirical chemistry papers on photochemistry with isolated findings, rates or spectra rather than reviews.
Evidence for the claim as stated.
Cyclometalated Pt(II) complexes trifluoromethylate unactivated alkenes in >82% yield under 450 nm LEDs by oxidatively quenching CF3I.
Evidence for the claim as stated.
Quantum yield, wavelength and quencher identity vary widely; a 'photocatalyst' can be a chain initiator rather than a closed cycle.
Evidence for the claim as stated.
Photoluminescence quenching of a cyclometalated Pt(II) complex is a mechanistic tool, not a sensor calibration. With 1 mol% Pt(II), CF₃I and an amine under blue LEDs, alkene products exceed 82% isolated yield; 1-dodecene finishes in 6 h and N-methylpyrrole in 30 h; no product without Pt or light. Catalysis proceeds by oxidative quenching; regeneration by the sacrificial donor is likely rate-limiting, with >1.43 eV driving force from the substrate radical. Heteroarene yields are only moderate.
Evidence for the claim as stated.
Turn-on sensing, turn-off sensing, FRET photocatalysis and photoluminescence quenching of a molecular catalyst are four fluorescence experiments. Ag/Au clusters raise ΦF 3.28% → 12.89% to report nM FQs; phage carbons quench to LOD 8.0 μM Fe³⁺; TB-Zn-CP quenches to 26.3 ppb picric acid; TPE cages donate to RhB (ΦET 77%/58%) to drive 97% cyclisation; Pt(II) PL quenching assigns oxidative quenching for >82% alkene CF₃ products. 'Fluorescence showed it worked' does not travel among those papers.
Evidence for the claim as stated.
Open questions
Tensions this paper is part of
From concept pages' “where studies disagree.” Disagreement means the same question; scope means different assays, populations, or outcomes.
Quantum yield, wavelength and quencher identity vary widely; a 'photocatalyst' can be a chain initiator rather than a closed cycle.
Turn-on sensing, turn-off sensing, FRET photocatalysis and photoluminescence quenching of a molecular catalyst are four fluorescence experiments. Ag/Au clusters raise ΦF 3.28% → 12.89% to report nM FQs; phage carbons quench to LOD 8.0 μM Fe³⁺; TB-Zn-CP quenches to 26.3 ppb picric acid; TPE cages donate to RhB (ΦET 77%/58%) to drive 97% cyclisation; Pt(II) PL quenching assigns oxidative quenching for >82% alkene CF₃ products. 'Fluorescence showed it worked' does not travel among those papers.
Discoveries this paper informs or conflicts with
- Quantum yields of 44 and 77 say these photoredox reactions run radical chains
This paper informs this development.
Study at a glance
- Design
- Other — Blue-LED photoredox trifluoromethylation catalyzed by cyclometalated Pt(II) complexes
- N
- Synthetic photoredox catalysis — no sample N
- Population
- Alkenes and heteroarenes under Pt(II)/CF3I photoredox conditions
- Outcome
- Trifluoromethylation yields and oxidative-quenching mechanism
Structured fields used in claim comparison tables when every cited study has a complete layer.
Inspect source passages
Platinum photoredox catalysts for trifluoromethylation
These passages occur verbatim in the stored paper text. They support the points listed below; they do not verify every statement in the explanation.
Isolated yields of trifluoromethylated alkenes exceeded 82%.
The isolated yields of the trifluoromethylated alkenes exceeded 82%, whereas moderate yields were obtained from the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes.
Photoirradiation used blue LEDs at 450 nm and 7 W.
The reaction mixture was photoirradiated using blue LEDs (450 nm, 7 W) at room temperature, and the progress of the reaction was monitored using gas chromatography or thin-layer chromatography.
Key findings
Alkene products exceed 82% isolated yield; 1-dodecene finishes in 6 h and N-methylpyrrole in 30 h. No product without Pt or light. Catalysis proceeds by oxidative quenching; catalyst regeneration by sacrificial donor is likely rate-limiting, with >1.43 eV driving force from the substrate radical.
Methodology
Authors irradiated alkenes and heteroarenes with 1 mol% Pt(II), CF3I, and an amine base under blue LEDs, then measured photoluminescence quenching and compared yields with Ru and Ir photoredox standards.
Limitations
Heteroarene yields are only moderate; the paper does not invent a new CF3 reagent or run a process photochemistry scale-up.
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