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cancer-epidemiology

Are cancers under 50 rising in the US?

Koh B, Tan DJH, Ng CH, et al. · JAMA network open · 2023

Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC

In 562,145 early-onset SEER cases (2010–2019), overall incidence rose (APC 0.28%), led by gastrointestinal cancers (APC 2.16%), while ≥50 incidence fell.

Key findings

Early-onset incidence increased overall and in females but decreased in males; cancers ≥50 declined (APC −0.87%). Breast had the most 2019 early-onset cases (n=12,649). GI cancers grew fastest (APC 2.16%), especially appendix (15.61%), intrahepatic bile duct (8.12%), and pancreas (2.53%).

Methodology

Used SEER registries to compute age-standardized incidence rates and Joinpoint APCs for cancers diagnosed before age 50 from 2010 to 2019, contrasting sex and site patterns and older-adult trends.

Limitations

Incidence trends do not identify causes (screening, risk factors, coding); APC ≠ individual risk prediction.

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