genetics
How does Foxj1 build smell-sensing cilia?
Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC
In zebrafish and mice, Foxj1 is required for olfactory epithelium formation and OSN differentiation; mutants lose olfactory cilia programs and show diminished bile-acid odor responses.
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How does Foxj1 build smell-sensing cilia?
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Olfactory cilia can reach lengths up to 200 μm in some species.
The 2 distinctive morphological characteristics are (a) they are considerably long and filamentous, reaching lengths of up to 200 μm in some species [ 13 ]; and (b) they are produced in multiple numbers, about 10 to 30/cell in mice, arising from multiple basal bodies in the dendr
Where do olfactory receptors sit?
In vertebrates, olfactory receptors localize on multiple cilia elaborated on dendritic knobs of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs).
Key findings
Foxj1, classically a motile-cilia factor, is expressed in OSNs and required for OE formation. Motility genes are repressed in OSNs across species. Foxj1 also controls OSN differentiation genes such as omp; foxj1 mutant zebrafish have significantly diminished bile-acid responses.
Methodology
Examined Foxj1 expression and loss-of-function phenotypes in zebrafish and mouse OSNs, including transcriptomic and odor-response readouts, and compared motility-gene repression across zebrafish, mouse, and human OSNs.
Limitations
Animal genetics do not by themselves map all human anosmia syndromes to Foxj1; exact downstream circuitry beyond highlighted targets remains incompletely charted.
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