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Cognitive bias

Does AI anxiety erase gender gaps in AI attitudes?

Russo C, Romano L, Clemente D, et al. · Frontiers in psychology · 2025

Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC

In 335 adults, women reported more AI anxiety and less positive AI adoption; high anxiety reduced the usual gender gap in attitudes.

How this study connects

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Study at a glance

Design
Cross-sectional — Online survey with MANOVA and gender×AI-anxiety moderation on attitudes
N
N=335 · Adults completing anonymous self-report measures
Population
Adult online questionnaire respondents (52.2% women; mean age ~30)
Outcome
AI anxiety, attitudes, use, and perceived knowledge; gender differences and moderation

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Does AI anxiety erase gender gaps in AI attitudes?

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335 adults; 52.2% women; mean age 29.96 (SD 13.88).

Participants were 335 adults (52.2% women; mean age = 29.96, SD = 13.88) who filled in an online self-report anonymous questionnaire.

Women reported higher AI anxiety and lower positive AI attitudes/use/knowledge.

women reporting higher AI anxiety, lower positive attitudes toward AI, lower use of AI, and lower perceived knowledge of AI
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Key findings

Women higher anxiety / lower attitudes-use-knowledge; anxiety negatively predicted attitudes; interaction: low anxiety → women less positive than men; high anxiety → gaps less evident (“leveler”).

Methodology

Collected self-report AI anxiety, attitudes, use, and knowledge; tested multivariate gender differences and a moderation model.

Limitations

Causal anxiety reduction trials, or that biological sex is the only driver versus gendered experience/stereotypes.

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