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Informed consent

Can unconscious motives undermine transition consent?

Lemma A, Savulescu J · Journal of medical ethics · 2021

Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC

After the Tavistock litigation, the authors argue that accepting medical transition to promote well-being is in someone’s best interests only if their transgender self-diagnosis is correct — and unconscious forces can undermine autonomy in children and adults.

How this study connects

Role on claims

Each row is a claim on a concept or method page where this paper supports, challenges, or qualifies the statement. Roles are hand-checked — not a model guess.

  • SupportsInformed consentconcept

    Capacity debates also turn on whether stated wishes reflect settled motives.

    One normative argument claims autonomy can be undermined by unconscious forces at any age, so a best-interests case for gender transition depends on the self-diagnosis being correct, and definitions must be clarified before policy.

    Evidence for the claim as stated.

  • QualifiesInformed consentconcept

    Capacity debates also turn on whether stated wishes reflect settled motives.

    One normative argument claims autonomy can be undermined by unconscious forces at any age, so a best-interests case for gender transition depends on the self-diagnosis being correct, and definitions must be clarified before policy.

    Scope note — A contested argument paper; it presents no data on how often self-diagnosis is mistaken.

    Limits the claim's scope: a different population, assay, or outcome.

History

When this study was placed

Dated entries from the concept change log — when this paper was added or removed as support, challenge, or qualifier on a claim.

  1. 2026-09-27

    Placed as supporting evidence on Informed consent

    One normative argument claims autonomy can be undermined by unconscious forces at any age, so a best-interests case for gender transition depends on the self-diagnosis being correct, and definitions must be clarified before policy.

  2. 2026-09-27

    Placed as a scope qualifier on Informed consent

    One normative argument claims autonomy can be undermined by unconscious forces at any age, so a best-interests case for gender transition depends on the self-diagnosis being correct, and definitions must be clarified before policy.

Inspect source passages

Can unconscious motives undermine transition consent?

These passages occur verbatim in the stored paper text. They support the points listed below; they do not verify every statement in the explanation.

Referral context?

identity services (GIDs) in the UK have increased exponentially. This increase has exposed the very considerable challenges facing individuals who identify

Detransition risk named?

wish to detransition with all the attendant physical and psychological complications. A recent landmark decision in the UK illustrates this. In the UK, tre
Read passages in the original paper

Key findings

Autonomy can be undermined by unconscious forces at any age. Best-interests endorsement of transition is biconditional on a correct self-diagnosis. Heterogeneity of transgender experience means definitions must be clarified before policy.

Methodology

They start from rising UK GID referrals, the December 2020 case of a patient who took puberty blockers at 16 then detransitioned, and capacity-to-consent worries. They then give a general argument about autonomy, well-being, and identity as subjective relative to the body.

Limitations

This is a normative argument, not a cohort of detransitioners. It does not estimate how often self-diagnosis is mistaken. The court case is context, not a new empirical finding of this paper.

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