Particulate matter
Short-term PM2.5 raises deaths and Parkinson’s admissions
Open access · cc by · source: Europe PMC
Two-day average PM2.5 is linked to higher all-cause mortality and to hospital admissions for Parkinson’s disease and diabetes among US Medicare enrollees.
How this study connects
Role on claims
Each row is a claim on a concept or method page where this paper supports, challenges, or qualifies the statement. Roles are hand-checked — not a model guess.
Not yet placed on a claim. This paper has study layers, but no concept page yet cites it as support, challenge, or qualifier.
Discoveries this paper informs or conflicts with
- Fine-particle mortality risk persisted below the air-quality guideline
This paper informs this development.
Inspect source passages
Short-term PM2.5 raises deaths and Parkinson’s admissions
These passages occur verbatim in the stored paper text. They support the points listed below; they do not verify every statement in the explanation.
6,982,678 deaths among Medicare enrollees in 121 US communities, 1999–2010
From the Medicare beneficiary denominator file we selected 6,982,678 deaths among all Medicare enrollees during the period 1999 to 2010 in 121 US communities.
Did prior neurological hospitalization significantly modify mortality risk?
While those risks were not significantly higher than the mortality risk associated with short-term effect of PM 2.5 among then Medicare enrollees that were never hospitalized for any of these diseases, there was a pattern of higher estimates.
Key findings
Each 10 μg/m³ two-day PM2.5 raised all-cause mortality 0.64%. Admissions rose 3.23% for Parkinson’s disease and 1.14% for diabetes. Mortality estimates were larger, though not significantly so, among people with prior diabetes, Parkinson’s, dementia, or Alzheimer’s admissions. Effects appeared at lag 0 and lasted 2–3 days.
Methodology
Authors used a multi-city case-crossover of Medicare deaths and emergency hospitalizations (1999–2010) in 121 US communities, relating the two-day average of PM2.5 to all-cause mortality and to admissions for diabetes and neurological disorders.
Limitations
Medicare captures only hospitalized neurological disease, so milder dementia is missed. Differences versus people never hospitalized for these conditions were not statistically significant. The study does not prove particles enter the brain or cause disease onset.
Related papers in this topic
Same topic cluster — not a recommendation engine.