Topic
Oncology outcomes research, explained
19 open-access oncology outcomes studies, each with a flashcard deck and a quiz.
- miR-122 exosomes from fat stem cells sensitize HCC models to chemo
Adipose MSC exosomes loaded with miR-122 delivered the microRNA into HepG2 cells, downregulated CCNG1/ADAM10/IGF1R, and increased chemosensitivity in vitro and in xenografts combined with agents such as sorafenib.
- A 22-gene classifier flags early metastasis after prostatectomy
In Mayo radical-prostatectomy men, a 22-marker genomic classifier from primary-tumour expression predicted early clinical metastasis after PSA rise better than clinical variables (validation AUC 0.75).
- HDAC2 IHC tracks shorter PSA relapse in prostate cancer
In 192 prostate carcinomas, class I HDACs were often strongly expressed; HDAC2 independently predicted shorter PSA relapse and linked to dedifferentiation/proliferation.
- Does ovarian-cancer clone diversity predict death?
In 14 women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer, high clonal expansion predicted worse PFS (10.1 vs 12.7 mo) and OS (23.5 vs 42.6 mo); an NF1-deleted relapse clone was already detectable before chemotherapy.
- Five integrated genomic subgroups track prostate-cancer relapse risk
Across 259 men (482 samples), integrating copy-number and expression data defined five subgroups on 100 genes that predicted biochemical relapse in discovery, validation, and a third long-follow-up cohort.
- Does mixed DNA inside a head-and-neck tumor predict death?
In 305 TCGA HNSCC patients, high intra-tumor MATH heterogeneity more than doubled the hazard of death (HR 2.2; 95% CI 1.4–3.3), even after HPV, TP53, grade, and N classification.
- Higher tumour EZH2 tracks portal-vein invasion in HCC
In 66 resected HCC tumours, EZH2 mRNA was higher than in paired nontumour liver and high expression associated with portal-vein invasion (79% vs 39%), without a significant disease-free survival difference.
- DNA methylation signatures separate HCC from nearby liver
Promoter methylation arrays in 30 HCC tumours vs surrounding tissue produced a validated signature that distinguished HCC from adjacent liver (independent of major risk factors), with other methylation panels tracking risk factors, progression, and survival after therapy.
- Do blood metabolites flag future breast cancer in EPIC?
In 1624 EPIC breast-cancer cases matched to 1624 controls, higher arginine, asparagine, and several phosphatidylcholines tracked lower risk, while acylcarnitine C2 tracked higher risk.
- Does body size predict the risk of many different cancers?
Among millions of Spanish adults, higher BMI was linked to a higher risk of many cancers, especially of the womb and kidney, and waist size predicted risk about as well as BMI.
- Marital status and cancer survival trends
Among Norwegian cancer patients, never-married people—especially older men—showed growing excess mortality versus married peers over decades.
- ANXA1 in breast cancer prognosis
ANXA1-positive breast tumors clustered with poor-prognosis features (high grade, basal/TN, BRCA1/2) and worse outcomes in some high-risk subgroups such as HER2+.
- How big is the ovarian cancer burden in China, and where is it heading?
GBD 2019 estimates show China’s ovarian cancer prevalence/incidence/mortality ASRs rose sharply since 1990, with ~196k cases in 2019 and projected faster growth than the global average to 2030.
- Does socioeconomic status change cancer survival?
In Norwegian women, lower education and income predicted worse cancer survival until stage and smoking were accounted for.
- Can CHK1 blockade help BRCA-wild-type resistant ovarian cancer?
In 49 heavily pretreated BRCAwt platinum-resistant HGSOC patients, prexasertib yielded ~29–33% ORR with manageable but frequent neutropenia before early trial stop.
- Propofol vs sevoflurane and breast cancer survival
In the CAN randomised trial, five-year overall survival after primary breast cancer surgery was essentially the same with propofol or sevoflurane maintenance anaesthesia.
- How do women make sense of possible gynaecological cancer symptoms?
Women mostly explained away possible warning symptoms as normal parts of being female, ageing or taking contraception, and tended to manage them at home or ask family rather than see a doctor.
- Can blood chemistry years earlier predict prostate cancer death?
Among Finnish men who later got prostate cancer, dozens of blood metabolites measured years before diagnosis - led by choline and glutamate - were linked to a higher chance of dying from the cancer.
- How does luteolin slow diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?
The flavonoid luteolin inhibited DLBCL cell growth (IC50 ~11–12 μM), drove G2/M arrest and apoptosis, and shrank U2932 xenografts while lowering p-JAK2/p-STAT3.