Is the gut microbiome the same along the intestine?
Swine mucosal and luminal microbiomes differ by gut section, with distinct diversity patterns and bile-acid/SCFA environments.
Source
Spatial Heterogeneity and Co-occurrence of Mucosal and Luminal Microbiome across Swine Intestinal Tract
Study at a glance
- Design
- Animal / in-vitro — 16S profiling of paired luminal and mucosa-associated communities plus bile-acid and SCFA measurements
- N
- N=24 · 144 luminal and mucosal samples from 24 pigs
- Population
- Healthy swine intestinal tract sections
- Outcome
- Mucosal and luminal microbiomes differ by gut section in diversity, co-occurrence, and bile-acid/SCFA environments
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Is the gut microbiome the same along the intestine?
These passages occur verbatim in the stored paper text. They support the points listed below; they do not verify every statement in the explanation.
Ileal total bile acids ~3-fold higher than cecum/colon
Total bile acids in the ileum were 3-fold as much as those of the cecum and colon ( P < 0.001, Figure ).
Which phyla dominate swine gut communities here?
dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria , similar to previous findings in pigs (Looft et al., ; Mach et al., ; Sun et al., , ; Umu et al., ; Kelly et al., ; Ramayocaldas et al., ) and humans (Qin et al.
What they did
Profiled luminal and mucosa-attached microbiota across swine intestinal sections and measured bile acids and SCFAs.
What they found
Communities dominated by Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes/Proteobacteria; richness and α/β-diversity differ by section and lumen vs mucosa; ileal bile acids much higher than large intestine.
The limits
What it doesn't show
Does not prove identical patterns in every human diet or disease state.
Key terms
- Mucosal microbiota
- Microbes associated with the intestinal mucus/epithelium.
- Luminal microbiota
- Microbes in gut contents.
- α/β-diversity
- Within-sample richness/evenness vs between-sample composition differences.
- Bile acids
- Host-derived detergents transformed along the gut.
- SCFA
- Short-chain fatty acids from microbial fermentation.
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Dominant phyla:
Common questions
Dominant phyla?
Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria.
Lumen vs mucosa?
Significant diversity differences despite continuity.
Bile acids where highest?
Ileum ~3× cecum/colon totals.
Host?
Swine (pig) intestine.
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